The MIGRA Millennium Nucleus seeks to advance understanding of the social, institutional, and economic consequences of recent waves of immigration to Chile—a country that has become one of the leading destinations for migrants in Latin America. In just over a decade, the foreign-born population has grown from less than 2% in 2010 to approximately 7–8% in 2022. This dramatic shift has occurred in a context of ongoing social, cultural, and institutional change, giving rise to both integration challenges and new tensions with local communities.